{
  "id": "ZSC-LIB-0017",
  "title": "紫檀木长桌故00206307：双棕角榫、花牙与腿足构件",
  "topic": "家具与木作",
  "kind": "馆藏档案",
  "group": "knowledge",
  "summary": "故宫藏清代紫檀木长桌以双棕角榫连接桌面与腿，拐子纹支架下另设小花牙，侧面配横枨和透雕券口。连接构件与回纹马蹄足各有位置，合起来呈现具体的清式家具形制。",
  "aliases": [
    "紫檀木长桌",
    "故00206307",
    "双棕角榫长桌",
    "拐子纹牙条",
    "回纹马蹄足"
  ],
  "properties": [
    {
      "name": "馆藏机构与编号",
      "value": "故宫博物院；故00206307",
      "source": "ref-zhenshoucang-20260930-v8-01"
    },
    {
      "name": "馆方年代",
      "value": "清",
      "source": "ref-zhenshoucang-20260930-v8-01"
    },
    {
      "name": "馆方材质名称",
      "value": "紫檀木",
      "source": "ref-zhenshoucang-20260930-v8-01"
    },
    {
      "name": "整件尺寸",
      "value": "高82厘米；长116厘米；宽41.5厘米",
      "source": "ref-zhenshoucang-20260930-v8-01"
    },
    {
      "name": "桌面与腿连接",
      "value": "双棕角榫结构",
      "source": "ref-zhenshoucang-20260930-v8-01"
    },
    {
      "name": "支架下的连接",
      "value": "桌腿与拐子纹支架下用小花牙相连",
      "source": "ref-zhenshoucang-20260930-v8-01"
    },
    {
      "name": "两侧腿间构件",
      "value": "横枨；横枨与腿牙之间镶透雕券口",
      "source": "ref-zhenshoucang-20260930-v8-01"
    },
    {
      "name": "腿足装饰",
      "value": "直腿，雕回纹马蹄足",
      "source": "ref-zhenshoucang-20260930-v8-01"
    }
  ],
  "sections": [
    {
      "title": "双棕角榫与花牙：连接位置决定作用",
      "paragraphs": [
        "这张长桌高82厘米，长116厘米、宽41.5厘米。馆方把桌面与腿的双棕角榫列为造型特点；桌腿另与拐子纹牙条相接，共同支撑桌面。牙条是家具中长而直的牙子，名称指向构件，不只是表面画出的线纹。因此，介绍这件长桌时，要将连接方式、承接桌面的支架与装饰形状分别说明。",
        "在桌腿与拐子纹支架下，还有小花牙相连。故宫说明这一安排用来增强稳固性。小花牙既参与外观，也承担连接任务；不能因其名字带“花”就只当作纹饰。本条保留馆方对本件的结构解释，不将它扩展成各类榫卯的强度试验结果，也不由整桌长宽推算榫头尺寸或承重数值。"
      ]
    },
    {
      "title": "侧面的横枨与券口：横向构件和拱形装饰",
      "paragraphs": [
        "两侧腿之间设置横枨。横枨的术语含义是连接两腿的横向构件；在横枨与腿牙之间，馆方还记录了透雕券口。券口是把三根板条置于方形或长方形框格中，形成类似拱券的样式。横枨说的是连接两腿的构件，券口则指框格内的组织形式，两者在同一侧面配合，不能把其中一个名称替代另一个。"
      ]
    },
    {
      "title": "直腿与回纹马蹄：足端纹饰的具体落点",
      "paragraphs": [
        "本桌的腿是直腿，足端雕成回纹马蹄。馆方对回纹马蹄的解释，是在方形马蹄足上浮雕硬角转折的回纹。这里“马蹄”属于家具足端形制名称，“回纹”说明局部装饰；不应理解为整条桌腿都模拟动物腿。桌面连接、侧面构件与足端装饰共同构成了这张清式长桌的具体面貌。材质沿用馆方“紫檀木”定名，现有说明未提供木材树种检测，不能自行加成某个确定的现代植物种。"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "facts": [
    {
      "text": "故宫将故00206307著录为清代紫檀木长桌，高82厘米、长116厘米、宽41.5厘米。",
      "source": "ref-zhenshoucang-20260930-v8-01"
    },
    {
      "text": "桌腿使用棕角榫连接拐子纹牙条，支撑桌面。",
      "source": "ref-zhenshoucang-20260930-v8-01"
    },
    {
      "text": "桌腿与拐子纹支架下以小花牙连接，馆方解释其作用为增强稳固性。",
      "source": "ref-zhenshoucang-20260930-v8-01"
    },
    {
      "text": "两侧腿间有横枨，横枨与腿牙间镶透雕券口。",
      "source": "ref-zhenshoucang-20260930-v8-01"
    },
    {
      "text": "本桌为直腿并雕回纹马蹄足，桌面与腿采用双棕角榫结构。",
      "source": "ref-zhenshoucang-20260930-v8-01"
    },
    {
      "text": "馆方术语将牙条解释为长而直的牙子；横枨为连接两腿的横向构件；券口是在框格内以三根板条形成的拱券状结构。",
      "source": "ref-zhenshoucang-20260930-v8-01"
    },
    {
      "text": "回纹马蹄是方形马蹄足上浮雕回纹的腿足装饰。",
      "source": "ref-zhenshoucang-20260930-v8-01"
    }
  ],
  "fields": [],
  "steps": [],
  "limit": "只对应故00206307的馆方著录与结构说明。图解为构件关系示意，不是可加工尺寸图、拆装指南或承载测试；“紫檀木”不自动等同已经完成植物种鉴定。",
  "sources": [
    "ref-zhenshoucang-20260930-v8-01"
  ],
  "status": "可公开知识资料",
  "authoring": "Codex资料整理与核对，未声称专业鉴定",
  "version": 1,
  "published": "2026-09-30",
  "modified": "2026-09-30",
  "checked": "2026-09-30",
  "site": "zhenshoucang",
  "slug": "zsc-lib-0017",
  "url": "https://www.zhenshoucang.com/library/entries/zsc-lib-0017.html",
  "image": {
    "url": "https://www.zhenshoucang.com/library/assets/zsc-lib-0017.webp",
    "width": 1280,
    "height": 800,
    "alt": "紫檀木长桌结构关系示意：桌面与腿用双棕角榫，支架下设小花牙，侧面为横枨和券口，足端为回纹马蹄。非实物照片，不按比例。",
    "caption": "本站原创长桌构件关系示意，非故00206307实物照片或榫卯拆解图，不按比例。",
    "rights": "本站原创知识图解，未复制机构图片",
    "sha256": "cf1dd659a0984bba5c5fe2835662611242911feab7fab7332ad9679f890a0ffb"
  },
  "related_entry_ids": [
    "ZSC-LIB-0001",
    "ZSC-LIB-0003"
  ],
  "related_articles": [
    {
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      "url": "https://www.zhenshoucang.com/ai-article-21677"
    },
    {
      "title": "像小桌子的墨床做什么用？紫檀嵌珐琅文房器的尺寸与功能",
      "url": "https://www.zhenshoucang.com/ai-article-21676"
    }
  ],
  "change_reason": "补充有原始依据的具体研究或馆藏档案，关联已有解读与相关知识。",
  "source_records": [
    {
      "title": "紫檀木长桌",
      "publisher": "故宫博物院",
      "url": "https://www.dpm.org.cn/collection/gear/230697.html",
      "published": "原页未注明",
      "kind": "博物馆馆藏说明",
      "summary": "给出故00206307的年代、尺寸与紫檀木定名，解释双棕角榫、小花牙、横枨、透雕券口和回纹马蹄足的安排。",
      "locator": "编号与尺寸、构造正文；牙条、横枨、券口、回纹马蹄术语。存档01.txt 0128–0150、0164–0179。",
      "scope": "支持本件的馆方尺寸、构件与装饰说明；不支持现代树种断定、承载强度、榫卯内部尺寸、加工程序或当前结构状况。",
      "id": "SRC-LIB-ZHENSHOUCANG-20260930-V8-01",
      "checked": "2026-09-30"
    }
  ],
  "publisher": "真收藏"
}